Tam sim no, tag nrho cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv tsheb yog lub zog siab, qaug zog tsis kam, nkag siab, kub tsis kam, hnyav ua haujlwm, qhov ruaj khov, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo, thiab lwm yam, uas tso siab rau cov kev xav tau siab dua rau cov khoom siv tsheb hauv tsev. Ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsheb, cov ntaub ntawv hlau suav txog ze li ntawm 90%, ntawm 70% yog cov ntaub ntawv hlau, 20% yog aluminium alloys, magnesium alloys, thiab lwm yam, thiab engineering plastics, carbon fiber thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv suav txog li 10%. Nrog rau tus nqi, kev nyab xeeb, lub teeb yuag thiab lwm yam ntxwv, steel tseem yuav yog cov khoom tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau lub cev ntawm lub tsheb mus ntev.
Raws li qib zog, tsheb hlau tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg: cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau, cov hlau zoo tib yam thiab cov hlau siab siab siab.
1. Cov hlau me me
Tsawg carbon steel feem ntau yog hais txog cov pa roj carbon tsawg-tua hlau lossis cov hlau tsis muaj interstitial (IF steel). Nws muaj lub zog tsis tshua muaj zog thiab siab elongation tom qab so. Nws muaj cov khoom siv yas zoo heev thiab tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov khoom sib txawv thiab tuaj yeem siv rau hauv lub qhov rooj tsheb. Phaj, spare log compartment, log cover phaj thiab lwm yam sib sib zog nqus nqus nqus nqus cov khoom yog siv rau stamping. Tshwj xeeb, interstitial-free steel yog tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm titanium thiab / lossis niobium rau ultra-low carbon steel. Lub interstitial atoms (carbon, nitrogen) nyob rau hauv cov hlau muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm carbides thiab nitrides, txo cov interstitial khoom atoms nyob rau hauv cov hlau. , muab nws zoo formability.
2. Ordinary high-strength steel
Common high-strength steels muaj xws li plaub pawg: phosphorus-ntxiv high-strength steel, high-strength IF steel, ci-hardened steel thiab low-alloy high-strength steel.
Phosphorus-ntxiv high-strength steel hais txog kev ntxiv tsis pub ntau tshaj 0.12% ntawm cov khoom muaj zog cov ntsiab lus xws li phosphorus rau ultra-low carbon steel (raws li interstitial-free steel) los yog tsawg carbon steel (raws li low-carbon aluminium-tua steel) los txhim kho Lub zog ntawm cov hlau. Cov hlau no muaj lub zog siab thiab ua kom txias txias zoo, nrog rau kev cuam tshuam zoo thiab qaug zog, thiab feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom siv tsheb lossis cov khoom siv.
High-strength IF steel txhim kho cov yas strain piv (r tus nqi) thiab strain hardening index (n nqi) ntawm cov hlau los ntawm kev tswj cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov hlau. Vim cov khoom siv ntxiv dag zog rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau alloying hauv cov hlau thiab tsis muaj cov atoms interstitial, cov hlau no muaj ob qho tib si siab zog thiab zoo heev txias tsim cov khoom. Nws feem ntau yog siv los ua qhov nyuaj uas yuav tsum tau kos duab sib sib zog nqus.
Baked-hardened steel khaws ib qho nyiaj ntawm cov kua roj carbon thiab nitrogen atoms hauv cov hlau, thiab lub zog ntawm cov hlau tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm kev ntxiv cov khoom ntxiv xws li phosphorus thiab manganese. Tom qab ua tiav thiab tsim, thiab ci ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, lub zog ntawm cov hlau tau nce ntau vim muaj hnub nyoog hardening. Nws feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv automotive sab nrauv panels uas yuav tsum tau ntau dua ci hardening kev ua tau zoo.
Low-alloy high-strength steel yog tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv ib qho los yog sib xyaw micro-alloying cov ntsiab lus xws li niobium, titanium, thiab vanadium rau cov hlau tsis tshua muaj carbonitride los ua carbonitride hais thiab precipitate rau ntxiv dag zog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov ntsiab lus micro-alloying ua kom zoo dua cov nplej kom tau txais lub zog siab dua, feem ntau yog siv rau cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv nrog qhov siab flanging txoj kev xav tau.
3. Advanced high-strength steel
Advanced high-strength steel tuaj yeem txo qhov hnyav ntawm lub tsheb yam tsis txo nws txoj kev nyab xeeb kev ua haujlwm, yog li ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub zog txuag thiab emission-txo cov kev cai ntawm kev lag luam tsheb.
Advanced high-strength steel mas suav nrog yim pawg: dual-theem steel, txhim kho formability dual-theem steel, theem transformation-induced plasticity steel, multi-phase steel, enhanced formability multi-theem steel, quenched partitioned steel, martensitic steel, thiab kub. - ua hlau.
Cov qauv ntawm Dual Phase Steel (DP steel) yog tsim los ntawm ferrite thiab martensite. Nws muaj qhov sib piv tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig, ua haujlwm siab ua haujlwm hardening, zoo sib xws elongation thiab ci hardening kev ua tau zoo. Nyob rau tib lub zog muaj zog, dual-theem steel muaj lub zog ntau dua li cov hlau uas tsis tshua muaj zog, tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias, thiab muaj cov qauv zoo. Tam sim no, lub zog ntawm dual-theem steel npog 450 ~ 1310MPa thiab feem ntau yog siv rau cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv.
Cov qauv ntawm Dual Phase Steel nrog Txhim Kho Formability (DH steel) yog tsim los ntawm ferrite, martensite thiab ib qho me me ntawm bainite lossis khaws cia austenite. Piv nrog dual-theem steel nrog tib lub zog tensile, nws muaj ntau dua elongation thiab ua hauj lwm hardening Performance index. Yog li ntawd, qib steel no yog tsim rau cov khoom uas muaj kev xav tau ntau dua.
Cov qauv ntawm Transformation Induced Plasticity Steel (TR steel) yog tsim los ntawm ferrite, bainite thiab khaws cia austenite, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm khaws cia austenite tsis tsawg dua 5%. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem, khaws cia austenite tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv martensite, yog li cov hlau muaj kev ua haujlwm siab zog, sib npaug elongation thiab tensile lub zog. Piv nrog dual-theem steel nrog tib lub zog tensile, nws muaj ntau dua elongation.
Cov qauv ntawm Complex Phase Steel (CP steel) feem ntau yog me me ntawm martensite, khaws cia austenite lossis pearlite faib rau ntawm ferrite lossis bainite matrix, uas yog ntxiv dag zog los ntawm kev nplua nplej lossis nag lossis daus ntxiv ntawm micro-alloying ntsiab. Muab piv nrog dual-theem steel nrog tib lub zog tensile, nws muaj zog dua yield zog thiab zoo dabtsi yog khoov zog, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau khoov thiab flanging tsim qhov chaw.
Complex Phase Steels nrog Txhim Kho Formability (CH steel) yog ua raws li cov qauv txheej txheem txheej txheem steel (ferrite + martensite + bainite) thiab qhia txog theem metastable ntawm khaws cia austenite. , martensite thiab bainite, muab nws lub zog ntau dua thiab siab dua qhov nthuav dav. Cov ferrite hauv cov hlau tuaj yeem muab cov yas zoo dua qub, tso siab rau theem hloov pauv-vim cov yas ntawm cov khoom khaws cia austenite kom tau txais cov qauv zoo dua elongation thiab tag nrho elongation. Cov txheej txheem ntau theem sib xyaw ua rau CH steel muaj lub zog siab thiab Nws muaj qhov ua haujlwm siab nthuav dav thiab ua haujlwm zoo elongation.
Quenching thiab Partitioning Steel (QP steel) yog ib qho hlau uas muaj zog heev uas muaj kev tsim muaj siab uas tsim los siv cov txheej txheem quenching-partitioning. Lub microstructure ntawm hlau yog tsim los ntawm ntau theem xws li martensite + ferrite + khaws cia austenite. Nws siv lub zog ultra-siab coj los ntawm martensite thiab transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) ntawm khaws cia austenite. ) cov nyhuv, ua tiav cov formability zoo tshaj li cov tsoos ultra-high-strength steel, nrog ib tug nruab nrab yield-rau-lub zog piv thiab siab ua hauj lwm-hardening zog, thiab yog haum rau lub cev ncej qhov chaw thiab kev nyab xeeb qhov chaw nrog ib tug complex duab thiab siab zog yuav tsum tau.
Cov qauv ntawm Martensitic Steel (MS steel) yog yuav luag tag nrho martensite. Nws feem ntau muaj lub zog tensile siab thiab siab yield piv. Nws yog tsuas yog siv los tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo qhov chaw thiab qhov chaw muaj kev nyab xeeb nrog lub zog siab. daim.
Kub stamping hlau (HS steel) yog kom sov cov hlau phaj siab tshaj qhov kub austenitizing. Lub rhuab steel phaj yog stamped nyob rau hauv pwm, tsim thiab quenching tiav nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, thiab lub austenite yog hloov mus rau hauv ib tug tag nrho martensite qauv. Ua kom tiav cov txheej txheem stamping ntawm cov khoom muaj zog thiab daws cov teeb meem xws li tawg yooj yim ntawm ultra-high-strength steel daim hlau thaum lub sij hawm txias stamping, hnyav springback, nyuaj hauv kev tsim cov khoom, thiab pwm loj poob. Tam sim no, lub zog ntawm cov hlau kub-tsim npog 1300 ~ 2000MPa, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau cov khoom siv thiab kev nyab xeeb qhov chaw xws li B-pillars thiab anti-kev sib tsoo beams.
Piv txwv li, ntawm cov khoom siv hlau, lub zog thiab plasticity ntawm steel muaj ntau yam kev hloov kho. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntau yam txheej txheem xws li casting, forging thiab vuam tuaj yeem siv tau, thiab nws tseem siv dav hauv thaj chaw tsheb.
GNEE STEEL lub tuam txhab tsom mus rau kev muab kev tshaj lij tsheb hlau cov ntaub ntawv raw khoom thiab cov kev pabcuam steel. Tiv tauj peb kom paub ntau ntxiv!
